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Southern Asia

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Summary

Country Sanitation Verdict Water Verdict WASH % of gov. budget
Afghanistan 9/ 20 0/ 20 N/A
Bangladesh 10/ 20 18/ 20 N/A
Bhutan 10/ 20 0/ 20 N/A
India 13/ 20 9/ 20 N/A
Maldives 13/ 20 0/ 20 N/A
Nepal 13/ 20 13/ 20 N/A
Pakistan 10/ 20 9/ 20 N/A
Sri Lanka 11/ 20 0/ 20 N/A

Sanitation Policy

(Monitoring the SACOSAN declarations)

Key:

2
= Good progress
1
= Some progress
0
= No progress
n/a
= Don't know
Country Total Policy Institutions Finance Monitoring
San. policy San. plan Priority in PRSP Single lead Coordinating body Capacity dev. Budget line Investment plan 0.5% GDP Monitoring
Afghanistan 9 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 2 1 0
Bangladesh 10 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
Bhutan 10 1 1 N/A 1 1 1 1 2 1 1
India 13 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1
Maldives 13 2 2 1 2 0 1 1 2 1 1
Nepal 13 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
Pakistan 10 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sri Lanka 11 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 2

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Policy
San. policy
Is there one national plan and policy to meet the sanitation MDG target?
San. plan
Is sanitation recognised as a human right, and are there specific initiatives are focusing on women and marginalised groups?
Priority in PRSP
Have specific actions have been taken to improve the working conditions of sanitary workers?
Institutions
Single lead
Is there a clear institutional home taking leadership on sanitation?
Coordinating body
Is there one coordinating body for sanitation involving all stakeholders?
Capacity dev.
Is there a plan for sanitation sector capacity development, especially of local governments?
Finance
Budget line
Is there a public sector budget line for sanitation, and an investment plan to fund it?
Investment plan
Is adequate priority given to sanitation within national development plans?
0.5% GDP
Has sanitation been sufficiently integrated into policies for (i) health, and (ii) emergencies?
Monitoring
Monitoring
Is there a sanitation performance monitoring system?

Water Policy

Key:

2
= Good progress
1
= Some progress
0
= No progress
n/a
= Don't know
Country Total Policy Institutions Finance Monitoring
Water policy Water plan Targeting poor Lead ministry Clear roles Donors harmonising Capacity dev. Investment plan Adequate resource Monitoring
Afghanistan 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Bangladesh 18 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1
Bhutan 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
India 9 0 0 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 1
Maldives 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Nepal 13 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
Pakistan 9 2 N/A N/A 2 1 1 2 N/A N/A 1
Sri Lanka 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

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Policy
Water policy
Is there a comprehensive policy for water supply?
Water plan
Is there a plan for meeting the water MDG target or equivalent?
Targeting poor
Are there specific measures in the plan for targeting poor people, and addressing the interests of women?
Institutions
Lead ministry
Is there a lead ministry responsible for water supply?
Clear roles
Is there clear separation of institutional roles?
Donors harmonising
Are donors harmonising their support behind national sector plans?
Capacity dev.
Is there provision within the policy for water supply sector capacity development?
Finance
Investment plan
Is there a sector investment plan for water supply?
Adequate resource
Are actors responsible for delivering water supply services adequately resourced, particularly if local governments?
Monitoring
Monitoring
Is there an effective framework for performance monitoring?

WASH Finance for 2010

Gov. WASH budget as % of GDP

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Gov. WASH Budget as % of total budget

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Country WASH Budget as % Gov. total WASH Budget as % GDP WASH Budget $US WASH Budget (local currency) Sanitation budget (local currency) Total gov. budget (local currency) GDP $US exchange rate $US
Afghanistan N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 16,600 46.4
Bangladesh N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 105,000 70.1
Bhutan N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,400 45.7
India N/A 0.482 6,890 333,000 N/A N/A 1,430,000 48.4
Maldives N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,430 12.8
Nepal 2.77 0.828 125 9,350 590 338,000 15,100 74.7
Pakistan N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2,560,000 175,000 83.9
Sri Lanka N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 48,200 113

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Financial Indicators
WASH Budget as % Gov. total
Gov. WASH Budget as % of total budget
WASH Budget as % GDP
Gov. WASH budget as % of GDP
WASH Budget $US
Gov. WASH budget (current $US, millions)
WASH Budget (local currency)
Gov. WASH Budget (local currency, millions)
Sanitation budget (local currency)
Gov. budget for sanitation only (local currency, millions)
Total gov. budget (local currency)
Total Gov. budget (local currency, millions)
GDP $US
GDP (current $US, millions, IMF)
exchange rate $US
Average $US exchange rate for that year (xe.com)
Download Spreadsheet (csv)

Access To WASH (JMP 2010)

Country Water Sanitation
Afghanistan 48% 37%
Bangladesh 80% 53%
Bhutan 92% 65%
India 88% 31%
Maldives 91% 98%
Nepal 88% 31%
Pakistan 90% 45%
Sri Lanka 90% 91%

There are a number of ways to measure the proportion of people that have access to sanitation and water in a country. Governments often use a combination of management information systems and household surveys.

The official data which the UN uses to monitor progress on the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) comes from the WHO / UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP). JMP aggregates data from household surveys carried out by governments.

WASHwatch.org shows JMP data because it is comparable across countries and uses the MDG definitions of access to sanitation and water. Some Governments prefer to quote the latest data from their household surveys‚ the best source of this information is the national statistics bureau or equivalent.

Read more about Monitoring Access

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