| Sanitation Verdict | 14/20 |
| Water Verdict | 15/20 |
| WASH % of gov. budget | 2.7% (2011) |
| Key Facts | |
|---|---|
| HDI Position (UNDP) | 164/187 |
| Population (millions, World Bank) | 12.9 |
| Child mortality rate (UNICEF) | 111/1000 |
| Annual child diarrhoea deaths (UNICEF) | 5,720 |
The majority of data on this country page was provided by Nancy Mukumbuta from WaterAid Zambia nancymukumbuta@wateraid.org
(Monitoring the eThekwini declaration)
Last edited by Traffic Lights Publication 2011 at UNICEF/WaterAid/WSP 8 months ago
See regional summary| Category | Criteria | Rating | Justification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Verdict (out of 20) | 14 | ||
| Policy | Did they sign eThekwini? | 0 |
An authorized government officia\ was not present to swgn at the time. Signed M Nevertheless the government has adopted the document |
| Is there a national sanitation policy? | 1 |
The poiicy development process ongoing and >5 part of the overall Water Policy. Major achievements have been the inclusion of separate sanitation components in the National Rural and Urban Programmes detailing activities and budgets including targets |
|
| Is there one national sanitation plan to meet the MDG target? | 2 |
there is one framework for sanitation within national programmes |
|
| Institutions | What profile is given to sanitation within the PRSP? | 2 |
Under the SNDP (2011-2015). Water supply and sanitation is a priority sector |
| Is there one coordinating body involving all stakeholders? | 2 |
There is one coordinating body National Water Supply and Sanitation Steering Committee with the MLGH as chair institution and secretariat |
|
| Is there a principal accountable institution to take leadership? | 2 |
The Ministry of Local Government and Housing (MLGH) is the key institution responsible for taking leadership for the sector |
|
| Finance | Is there a sanitation monitoring and evaluation (M+E) system? | 1 |
urban NIS is in place and rural IMS is in process |
| Is 0.5% of GDP allocated to sanitation? | 0 |
Government has been making incrementat adjustment towards meeting the target and has now reached 3% of the national budget. However, the total allocated to water supply and sanitation does not come close to 0.5% of GDP. It is unlikely that this target be met |
|
| Is there a specific public sector budget line for sanitation? | 2 |
There is complete budget component for both rurai and urban sanitation |
|
| Monitoring | Do institutional sanitation programs include gender aspects? | 2 |
appropriate technology has been adopted |
| Verdict (out of 20) | 14 | ||
(Monitoring the Sharm el-Sheikh declaration)
Last edited by Nancy Mukumbuta at WaterAid Zambia 8 months ago
See regional summary| Category | Criteria | Rating | Justification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Verdict (out of 20) | 15 | ||
| Policy | Is there a comprehensive policy for water supply? | 2 |
Yes, there is the Water Policy of 1994 and an update to the WSS Policy has been done and ratified by parliament in 2010. |
| Is there a plan for meeting the water MDG target or equivalent? | 2 |
Yes the government has developed both the Urban Water supply and Sanitation and Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Programmes to address the national universal coverage targets including the MDGs. |
|
| Are there specific measures in the plan for targeting poor people, and addressing the interests of women? | 0 |
No, there are no specific measures but the programmes (urban and rural) accommodate the vulnerable members of the community through waiving Operation and Maintenence (O&M) and other fees on a case by case basis |
|
| Institutions | Is there a lead ministry responsible for water supply? | 2 |
Yes, the Ministry of Local Government and Housing (MLGH), Department of Housing and Infrastructure Development, is mandated to carry out the WSS functions. |
| Is there provision within the policy for water supply sector capacity development? | 1 |
Under the urban and rural programmes, there are very strong components and budgets for capacity building of the sector at all levels |
|
| Are donors harmonising their support behind national sector plans? | 2 |
Donors have formed a forum at which support to the WSS is harmonised and progress discussed under the JASZ framework. |
|
| Is there clear separation of institutional roles? | 2 |
Yes, MLGH is mandated to carry out the WSS function while the Ministry of Energy and Water Development (MEWD)is mandated to carry out Integrated Water Resources Management functions. |
|
| Finance | Is there a sector investment plan for water supply? | 2 |
Yes, the Urban and Rural WSS Programmes |
| Are actors responsible for delivering water supply services adequately resourced, particularly if local governments? | 1 |
Resources are allocated to the sector but are not enough to meet all the targets.Further institutional resources are required for effective implementation at all levels |
|
| Monitoring | Is there an effective framework for performance monitoring? | 1 |
The framework is being finalised and rolled out to all districts. The challenge is institutionalising it at all levels with the requisite resources. |
| Verdict (out of 20) | 15 | ||
| Financial indicators | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gov. WASH Budget as % of total budget | 1.78 | 2.77 | 2.91 | 1.4 | 2.59 | 2.7 | N/A |
| Gov. WASH budget as % of GDP | 0.473 | 0.78 | 0.729 | 0.332 | 0.558 | 0.595 | N/A |
| Gov. WASH budget (current $US, millions) | 50.7 | 83.5 | 107 | 42.5 | 90.4 | 114 | N/A |
| Gov. WASH Budget (local currency, millions) | 182,000 | 334,000 | 400,000 | 214,000 | 434,000 | 555,000 | N/A |
| Gov. budget for sanitation only (local currency, millions) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 7,940 | N/A |
| Total Gov. budget (local currency, millions) | 10,200,000 | 12,000,000 | 13,800,000 | 15,300,000 | 16,700,000 | 20,500,000 | N/A |
| GDP (current $US, millions, IMF) | 10,700 | 10,700 | 14,600 | 12,800 | 16,200 | 19,200 | 19,200 |
| Average $US exchange rate for that year (xe.com) | 3,600 | 4,000 | 3,750 | 5,050 | 4,800 | 4,860 | 4,860 |
Information was derived from the 2011 budget speech, and Yellow book for sanitation. There are other major budget lines that do not disaggregate sanitation. The National Urban and Peri Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Programme whose budget is K56Bn, and also Water Supply and Sanitation Unit has a budget of K0.7357Bn, and we also know from other sources that Support to Nkana Water of K110Bn includes a substantial urban sanitation component. Other notable lines include National Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Programme, K166.3bn, to Urban Water Supply and Sanitation, K97.8 bn to other water infrastructure development programmes and K98.3bn to other urban towns.
| Water | Sanitation |
|---|---|
| 61% | 48% |
There are a number of ways to measure the proportion of people that have access to sanitation and water in a country. Governments often use a combination of management information systems and household surveys.
The official data which the UN uses to monitor progress on the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) comes from the WHO / UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP). JMP aggregates data from household surveys carried out by governments.
WASHwatch.org shows JMP data because it is comparable across countries and uses the MDG definitions of access to sanitation and water. Some Governments prefer to quote the latest data from their household surveys, the best source of this information is the national statistics bureau or equivalent.